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Nirvana was een Amerikaanse grungeband die in 1987 werd opgericht in Aberdeen, Washington door zanger en gitarist Kurt Cobain en bassist Krist Novoselic. De band kende een reeks verschillende drummers van wie Dave Grohl, die in 1990 bij de band kwam, de langstzittende was.

De band vestigde zichzelf binnen de muziek-scene van Seattle door in 1989 het debuutalbum Bleach uit te brengen op het indie-label Sub Pop. Nadat de band tekende bij het grote label DGC Records, kende het onverwacht succes met de single Smells Like Teen Spirit, van het tweede album Nevermind (1991). Hierop betrad Nirvana de mainstream en nam het het genre 'grunge' hierin mee. Frontman Kurt Cobain werd door de media bestempeld als "stem van een generatie", terwijl Nirvana gezien werd als vaandeldrager voor Generatie X. Cobain voelde zich ongemakkelijk bij alle aandacht en legde zich toe op de muziek. Hij vond dat de boodschap en artistieke visie van de band verkeerd werden geïnterpreteerd door het grote publiek dat hij uitdaagde met hun derde album In Utero (1993).

Met Cobains dood in april 1994 kwam er een einde aan het relatief korte bestaan van Nirvana. De invloed en populariteit van de band bleven echter onverminderd in de jaren die volgden. Het nummer You Know You're Right, een niet eerder uitgebrachte demo, stond in 2002 hoog in radio-playlists over de hele wereld. De band verkocht wereldwijd meer dan vijftig miljoen platen, waarvan meer dan 25 miljoen in de Verenigde Staten.

Nirvana was an American rock band formed in Aberdeen, Washington, in 1987. Founded by lead singer and guitarist Kurt Cobain and bassist Krist Novoselic, the band went through a succession of drummers, most notably Chad Channing, before recruiting Dave Grohl in 1990. Nirvana's success popularized alternative rock, and they were often referenced as the figurehead band of Generation X. Despite a short mainstream career spanning only three years, their music maintains a popular following and continues to influence modern rock culture.

In the late 1980s, Nirvana established itself as part of the Seattle grunge scene, releasing its first album, Bleach, for the independent record label Sub Pop in 1989. They developed a sound that relied on dynamic contrasts, often between quiet verses and loud, heavy choruses. After signing to the major label DGC Records in 1991, Nirvana found unexpected mainstream success with "Smells Like Teen Spirit", the first single from its landmark second album, Nevermind (1991). A cultural phenomenon of the 1990s, Nevermind was certified diamond and is credited for ending the dominance of hair metal.

Characterized by a punk aesthetic, Nirvana's fusion of pop melodies with noise, combined with its themes of abjection and social alienation, brought them global popularity. Following extensive tours and the 1992 compilation album Incesticide and EP Hormoaning, the band released its highly anticipated third studio album, In Utero (1993). The album topped both the US and UK album charts, and was acclaimed by critics. Nirvana disbanded following Cobain's suicide in April 1994. Further releases have been overseen by Novoselic, Grohl, and Cobain's widow, Courtney Love. The live album MTV Unplugged in New York (1994) won Best Alternative Music Performance at the 1996 Grammy Awards.

Nirvana is one of the best-selling bands of all time, having sold more than 75 million records worldwide. During its three years as a mainstream act, Nirvana received an American Music Award, Brit Award, and Grammy Award, as well as seven MTV Video Music Awards and two NME Awards. The band achieved five number-one hits on the Billboard Alternative Songs chart and four number-one albums on the Billboard 200. In 2010, Rolling Stone ranked Nirvana No. 30 in its list of the "100 Greatest Artists of All Time". Their members were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in their first year of eligibility in 2014. In 2023, they were honored with the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award.